HINDU DOUBLE

Two-Person Hindu Ancestry Report

Our DOUBLE DNA REPORT includes a 37-marker test for the male's Y chromosome line and a second 37-marker test for a male-linked relative of the female of the pair. A sample collection kit is mailed or couriered by FedEx to each. After the results are received from our laboratory, an evaluative report is prepared indicating whether the two persons have the same gotra or not, and possible gotra associations of surnames in the relevant genealogies of their paternal lines. Females must have a male-linked relative such as a brother take the Y chromosome test for them. Matches are made to samples in Indian population genetics and forensic literature, and correspondence is indicated for those fellow gotra members who can be contacted.

This report can be used as documentation to verify genetic relatedness and historical gotra genealogies for Hindu and Buddhist engagements, marriages and business partnerships. A Gotra Report for one individual is half the price shown.

Gotras are clans or families whose members trace their descent to a common ancestor, usually a sage of ancient times. The gotra proclaims a person's identity and is required to be presented at Hindu ceremonies. People of the same gotra are not allowed to marry. There are 49 established gotras.

We have walk-in DNA collection sites as well as personal visitation services around the world and ship to any city worldwide. Overnight delivery of kits can be arranged.

For an excellent study of maternal lineages in three endogamous caste groups in the Indian subcontinent, see J. L. Mountain et al. (Department of Genetics, Stanford University), Demographic history of Indian and mtDNA-sequence diversity, Am J Hum Genet. 1995 Apr;56(4):979-92.

See also Wooding S, Ostler C, Prasad BV, Watkins WS, Sung S, Bamshad M, Jorde LB. Directional migration in the Hindu castes: inferences from mitochondrial, autosomal and Y-chromosomal data. Hum Genet. 2004 Aug;115(3):221-9.

And... Cordaux R, Aunger R, Bentley G, Nasidze I, Sirajuddin SM, Stoneking M. Independent origins of Indian caste and tribal paternal lineages. Curr Biol. 2004 Feb 3;14(3):231-5.

And... Saha A, Udhayasuriyan PT, Bhat KV, Bamezai R. Analysis of Indian population based on Y-STRs reveals existence of male gene flow across different language groups. DNA Cell Biol. 2003 Nov;22(11):707-19.

And... Basu A, Mukherjee N, Roy S, Sengupta S, Banerjee S, Chakraborty M, Dey B, Roy M, Roy B, Bhattacharyya NP, Roychoudhury S, Majumder PP. Ethnic India: a genomic view, with special reference to peopling and structure. Genome Res. 2003 Oct;13(10):2277-90.

And... Kivisild T, Rootsi S, Metspalu M, Mastana S, Kaldma K, Parik J, Metspalu E, Adojaan M, Tolk HV, Stepanov V, Golge M, Usanga E, Papiha SS, Cinnioglu C, King R, Cavalli-Sforza L, Underhill PA, Villems R. The genetic heritage of the earliest settlers persists both in Indian tribal and caste populations. Am J Hum Genet. 2003 Feb;72(2):313-32.

And... Mukherjee N, Nebel A, Oppenheim A, Majumder PP. High-resolution analysis of Y-chromosomal polymorphisms reveals signatures of population movements from Central Asia and West Asia into India. J Genet. 2001 Dec;80(3):125-35.

Reviews

Real Historic Biogenetic Evidence

I immensely appreciate the research that DNA Consulting undertook in confirming my caste and gotram. I feel very fortunate that through DNA analysis I have come full circle in establishing the identity of my ancestors. As I had previously mentioned, my father arrived in the U.S. ca. 1916 from Calcutta, India while serving in the British Merchant Marines. Unfortunately he died when I was only 8 months old, leaving my mother a widow with three children and one infant (me). All of the information that I had received about my father from others was nebulous and vague. However, DNA information is concrete and scientific and offers real historic biogenetic evidence, which I was in search of. The DNA analysis concluded that I descended from a male ancestor that belonged to haplogroup R1a1, an Indo-European genetic type that most likely originated in Central-Eastern Europe and dispersed east as far as India, my paternal ancestral home. These Indo-European nomads thousands of years ago became the ancestors of the present day Brahmin caste of India from which I confirmed through DNA Consultants that I descended from. Coincidently or even mysteriously my family friends in Madras (present day Chenai), the Krishnans who are Kashappa Iyer Brahmins had given me their particular Gotram title when I was initiated as a Brahmin in a ritual ceremony called an Upanayam years ago before marriage. However I was unaware that my Bengali surname Sanyal was connected to the same Kashappa Gotram that I was initiated into, until my DNA Gotram results were made available which facilitated me in further research. The results and history given by Dr. Yates enabled me to learn more about my Brahmanic heritage, and to gain an insight on my paternal history and compare the findings with other R1a1 South Asian Brahmins. For instance, I learned that before settling in Calcutta where my family practiced medicine, that they were from Northern Bengal, the Darjeeling area. Additionally, the evidence that my forebears were Brahmin was confirmed when I learned that most Brahmins during British and Muslim rule held high positions in those colonial societies. My father was born ca. 1895 and came from a family of medical doctors inclusive of his older sister and brothers. Thanks again, Dr. Yates, for a job well done. I can now proclaim my father's heritage with unwavering certainty. Your commitment and service in the pursuit of our ancestors is highly appreciated and holds great historical value to the international community.

Govinda Sanyal, 2006-05-02

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